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中青賽第二季漸入佳境 堅(jiān)持人才培養(yǎng)精益求精

泰坦08-18 11:50 體壇+原創(chuàng)

盛夏光年,追逐夢(mèng)想。2023年8月,第二屆中國(guó)青少年足球聯(lián)賽男子U13組和U15組全國(guó)總決賽淘汰排位賽階段(簡(jiǎn)稱中青賽),分別在延吉、長(zhǎng)春與唐山展開。今年,中青賽繼續(xù)以覆蓋面最廣、參與人數(shù)最多、競(jìng)技水平最高、社會(huì)影響力最大作為辦賽理念,面向全體青少年,打破參賽壁壘,兼顧普及與提高。賽事按年齡段劃分,分為小學(xué)、初中、高中、大學(xué)四個(gè)年齡段。同時(shí),根據(jù)不同年齡段特點(diǎn),安排符合青少年身心發(fā)展和足球人才培養(yǎng)規(guī)律的賽制,目的還是對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)、選拔的優(yōu)秀青少年足球人才進(jìn)行跟蹤式觀察、提高性訓(xùn)練,為各年齡段國(guó)家隊(duì)輸送優(yōu)秀人才。

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期間,中國(guó)足球協(xié)會(huì)副主席高洪波來(lái)到中青賽U15組淘汰賽階段唐山賽區(qū)觀賽,組織技術(shù)調(diào)研團(tuán)隊(duì),圍繞各球隊(duì)和球員比賽情況展開座談,并針對(duì)賽事本身進(jìn)行技術(shù)交流與指導(dǎo)。

擴(kuò)大規(guī)模,追求穩(wěn)定

今年,中青賽繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持“面向全體青少年”,體校代表隊(duì)、學(xué)校代表隊(duì)、俱樂(lè)部青訓(xùn)梯隊(duì)、社會(huì)青訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)等球隊(duì)均可自由參賽。相比較前一年,第二屆中青賽規(guī)模更大,各組別參賽球隊(duì)數(shù)量、比賽數(shù)量明顯增多。賽事全國(guó)總決賽階段實(shí)際參賽球隊(duì)數(shù)量達(dá)484支,參賽球員10685人,已進(jìn)行1279場(chǎng)比賽,參賽球隊(duì)和球員數(shù)量較上屆,分別增加19.5%和11.4%。

在規(guī)模上,第二屆中青賽最鮮明的特點(diǎn),是地方賽事組織情況明顯改善。組織U13和 U15組別預(yù)選賽的省市賽區(qū)大幅增加,參與到各地方中國(guó)青少年足球聯(lián)賽預(yù)選賽的球隊(duì)和球員數(shù)量隨之有所提升。在首屆中青賽,共有12個(gè)省市賽區(qū)組織U13組預(yù)選賽,9個(gè)省市賽區(qū)組織U15組預(yù)選賽;今年,組織U13組預(yù)選賽的省市賽區(qū)達(dá)到30個(gè),共有280支球隊(duì)、5816名球員參與其中;組織U15組預(yù)選賽的省市賽區(qū)則有31個(gè),球隊(duì)和球員數(shù)量,分別為409支和8522名。

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接下來(lái),中青賽所追求的目標(biāo),是在2024年即第三屆賽事,爭(zhēng)取45個(gè)地方組委會(huì)都能組織起地方預(yù)選賽,同時(shí)夯實(shí)地方賽事球隊(duì)數(shù)量,保證每個(gè)年齡段每一個(gè)地方賽事舉辦的穩(wěn)定性,堅(jiān)持做大全國(guó)總決賽的同時(shí),先要做大地方賽事。在這方面,我國(guó)目前擁有3萬(wàn)所特色足球?qū)W校,確保每個(gè)學(xué)校在每一個(gè)年齡段擁有足球隊(duì)建制,這是鞏固地方賽事穩(wěn)定性的根基。

但在今年,報(bào)名U13組預(yù)選賽的球隊(duì)數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)小于U15組。經(jīng)調(diào)研,與球員正處于小升初時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)有關(guān)。由于在報(bào)考初中時(shí)受到限制異地、限制跨區(qū)等影響,不少小球員在小學(xué)畢業(yè)后,無(wú)法就讀到擁有足球隊(duì)的學(xué)校。目前,有關(guān)方面已向教育部提出建議,希望針對(duì)一些足球特長(zhǎng)生,在招生上給予相關(guān)政策支持,創(chuàng)造有利條件,確保小球員順利延續(xù)球員生涯。

在第二屆中青賽,有更多場(chǎng)次走進(jìn)校園,走近學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)身邊。其中,男子U17組預(yù)選賽走進(jìn)都勻一中、銀川高級(jí)中學(xué)等學(xué)校,比賽期間,全校師生、參賽球員家長(zhǎng)共同為球員們助威吶喊,營(yíng)造良好的主場(chǎng)氛圍。第二屆中青賽賽歷和各年齡段賽事組織計(jì)劃均在年初公布,各級(jí)各類參賽球隊(duì)準(zhǔn)備更加充分,青少年足球賽事編排更具合理性。

另外,第二屆中青賽中也有來(lái)自青海果洛和四川涼山的代表隊(duì),孩子們走出大山,站上了全國(guó)總決賽的舞臺(tái),為孩子們將來(lái)的健康成長(zhǎng),拓寬了眼界,種下了夢(mèng)想。

人才培養(yǎng),三位一體

《中國(guó)足球協(xié)會(huì)青少年訓(xùn)練大綱》明確指出,“人才培養(yǎng),是中國(guó)足球成功的關(guān)鍵?!痹谶@一點(diǎn),中青賽也堅(jiān)持以發(fā)現(xiàn)人才、培養(yǎng)人才為核心,并組織專門的技術(shù)調(diào)研團(tuán)隊(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀賽。

技術(shù)調(diào)研團(tuán)隊(duì)在交流中,向各教練員明確了以培養(yǎng)人才為目的,把球員成長(zhǎng)當(dāng)作核心,摒棄錦標(biāo)主義。通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)小球員自信、大膽控球,敢于展現(xiàn)個(gè)人特點(diǎn)和團(tuán)隊(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。在唐山賽區(qū)的U15組淘汰賽中,闖入四強(qiáng)的恒大足校、山東泰山、北京國(guó)安和浙江,以及廣州117中學(xué),就嘗試以符合世界足球發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的比賽風(fēng)格與對(duì)手較量,在控球時(shí)有目的地組織進(jìn)攻,在防守時(shí)保持較好的整體性和緊湊性,并且實(shí)施主動(dòng)壓迫,他們?cè)诳厍蚝头强厍驎r(shí)刻,都展現(xiàn)出對(duì)比賽的控制力。同時(shí),小球員們表現(xiàn)出良好的精神風(fēng)貌、頑強(qiáng)的拼搏精神,整體面貌讓人耳目一新。

針對(duì)人才培養(yǎng),中青賽與精英訓(xùn)練營(yíng)、教練員培訓(xùn),已形成三位一體的體系化互助,即通過(guò)中青賽觀察球員、發(fā)現(xiàn)人才,招入全國(guó)精英訓(xùn)練營(yíng)給予測(cè)試。針對(duì)小球員的基礎(chǔ)能力、運(yùn)動(dòng)能力、訓(xùn)練及比賽能力,制作個(gè)人評(píng)估報(bào)告,并納入中國(guó)足協(xié)人才數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),作為各級(jí)國(guó)家隊(duì)選材的初級(jí)參考依據(jù)。之后給予定期跟蹤觀察,待來(lái)年中青賽再做考核與檢驗(yàn)。

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從技術(shù)層面來(lái)講,舉辦精英訓(xùn)練營(yíng)與中青賽是相輔相成。目的其一,是貫徹青少年培養(yǎng)的四項(xiàng)重要基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練:1對(duì)1攻防、主動(dòng)壓迫、第一次觸球質(zhì)量和無(wú)球戰(zhàn)術(shù)能力。其二是培養(yǎng)年輕教練員,通過(guò)一周左右強(qiáng)化培訓(xùn),在基礎(chǔ)等級(jí)證書培訓(xùn)以外,增加實(shí)踐教學(xué)。至于教練員培訓(xùn)環(huán)節(jié),日前男足青訓(xùn)部向技術(shù)部提出建議:針對(duì)15歲以下和18歲以下青少年球員培養(yǎng),在原先的B級(jí)和A級(jí)資質(zhì)認(rèn)證的基礎(chǔ)上,分別增加一個(gè)B+和A+教練員資質(zhì)培訓(xùn),目的是對(duì)青訓(xùn)教練員進(jìn)行精細(xì)化培養(yǎng),確保青少年球員的質(zhì)量同步提高,然后利用中青賽平臺(tái)予以展現(xiàn),相互交流,進(jìn)行總結(jié)。

在U15組全國(guó)總決賽結(jié)束后,中國(guó)足協(xié)就將組織新一期U15男足精英球員訓(xùn)練營(yíng),并將前往青島參加?xùn)|亞足聯(lián)U15錦標(biāo)賽。

完善體系,提升心智

面向全體青少年,打破參賽壁壘,這是中青賽的準(zhǔn)則之一。目前在U13、U15和U17組,“全開放”得到全面貫徹。不少學(xué)校代表隊(duì)、青訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)球隊(duì)踴躍參加,表現(xiàn)可圈可點(diǎn)。其中在第二屆中青賽U13組全國(guó)12強(qiáng)球隊(duì)中,純粹來(lái)自校園足球的隊(duì)伍多達(dá)5支。

但在U19組,大學(xué)球隊(duì)屈指可數(shù)。目前,中國(guó)足協(xié)堅(jiān)持以全開放的態(tài)度,歡迎大學(xué)球隊(duì)踴躍參賽。如今,在越來(lái)越多青少年擁有“走職業(yè)路兼顧走學(xué)業(yè)路”的意愿后,打通大學(xué)聯(lián)賽和中青賽(U19組),或許將成為下一步的發(fā)展方向。對(duì)此中青賽的原則是,在堅(jiān)持全開放的基礎(chǔ)上,為校園球隊(duì)提供更高水平的競(jìng)賽舞臺(tái),同時(shí)給予職業(yè)俱樂(lè)部更多的選材機(jī)會(huì),而對(duì)于大學(xué)生球員,也提供了畢業(yè)后回爐職業(yè)足球的可能。此外,打通中青賽和大學(xué)聯(lián)賽的同時(shí),也可以促進(jìn)后者專業(yè)水平的提升,使得職業(yè)梯隊(duì)與大學(xué)球隊(duì)相互成長(zhǎng),共同進(jìn)步。

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人才培養(yǎng)方面,中青賽下一步追求的方向,是在球員的技術(shù)、戰(zhàn)術(shù)和身體素質(zhì)培養(yǎng)之外,提升心智社交能力,特別是針對(duì)18歲以下乃至20歲以下球員,培養(yǎng)他們的觀察、思考、分析和決策能力。例如在比賽中啟發(fā)小球員自主思考,增強(qiáng)他們的觀察能力、場(chǎng)景識(shí)別能力和決策能力,幫助青少年球員在發(fā)展的最關(guān)鍵階段,從意識(shí)上真正理解足球、踢好足球。

今天,中國(guó)青少年足球聯(lián)賽正茁壯成長(zhǎng),而伴隨地方賽事體系的不斷完善,人才培養(yǎng)體系的日趨成熟,賽事宣傳和經(jīng)費(fèi)支持方面同樣有待加強(qiáng)。青少年足球工作需要久久為功,腳踏實(shí)地,在健康成長(zhǎng)的土壤之上,撐起中國(guó)足球的希望。

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