亚洲精品一区二区三区在线观看_国产成人综合自拍_在线免费观看国产_亚洲精品宾馆在线精品酒店_奇米视频888_特黄特级毛片免费视频_亚洲欧洲av_国产精品视频在线播放_黄色aqq_黄色片国产片_午夜影院免费在线观看_操操影视_青青草成人av_福利网址在线_成人毛毛片_精品国产乱码久久久久app下载_欧产日产国产精品特色_亚洲自偷自拍另类小说_国产专区自拍_欧洲女人牲交性开放视频

耐克鎖定中超球衣20年 該感激還是質(zhì)疑?

懶熊體育05-10 09:12

不同的人總有不同的視角,哪怕10年前耐克同中超簽訂的那份合同,也有的人認(rèn)為是雪中送炭,有的人則單純將其看作一次抄底。

對于外界期待已久的中超球衣贊助續(xù)約一事,在今天的“耐克中國足球發(fā)布會”上處理得相當(dāng)?shù)驼{(diào)。“今天我們要開始一段全新的旅程,就是中超方面的合作,我們下面請出中國足協(xié)副主席、中超公司董事長李毓毅先生、耐克大中華區(qū)總經(jīng)理董煒女士,在張劍副主席的見證下,展開我們長達(dá)10年的精誠合作。”在主持人張斌的這番話后,上述三人在臺上握手,便結(jié)束了整個(gè)發(fā)布會中涉及耐克續(xù)約的“重要”環(huán)節(jié),歷時(shí)不到5分鐘。

左起分別為李毓毅、張劍、董煒

除了10年這個(gè)期限,本次發(fā)布會沒有提及新合同的任何細(xì)節(jié),包括續(xù)約的金額和支付方式。不過,有關(guān)價(jià)錢的傳說幾個(gè)月前就已在足球圈內(nèi)蔓延開來。2017年末,據(jù)《足球報(bào)》等媒體報(bào)道,這將是一份時(shí)長5+5、贊助總金額30億元的合同。其中8億元為現(xiàn)金贊助,剩余22億元屬于裝備贊助。而在今年4月,在耐克成功續(xù)約的消息得到多方確認(rèn)后,關(guān)于金額和裝備比例的老話題又一次在網(wǎng)上掀起一波爭議,到5月初,又進(jìn)一步爆出“國安不滿續(xù)約金額欲單獨(dú)招商”的消息。

不管外界如何評論,耐克用新一份10年長約鎖定中超前后長達(dá)20年的裝備贊助,恐怕都已經(jīng)是難以改變的事實(shí)。中國足協(xié)常務(wù)副主席張劍也表示:“中國足球的發(fā)展離不開贊助商的鼎力支持,離不開合作伙伴的風(fēng)雨同舟。”

張劍的話中透著對贊助商的感激,但仍然有很多人對目前爆出的贊助金額表現(xiàn)出種種不滿和質(zhì)疑。

平心而論,2009年耐克簽訂上一份合同時(shí),的確有點(diǎn)雪中送炭的味道。當(dāng)時(shí)中超正值低谷期,場均上座人數(shù)只有1.5萬人,全年累計(jì)電視觀眾1.44億,甚至比1999年甲A聯(lián)賽場均2萬人、全年累計(jì)6億電視觀眾的數(shù)據(jù)還要差上許多。按照當(dāng)時(shí)《第一財(cái)經(jīng)周刊》的報(bào)道,耐克為2009年的中超聯(lián)賽提供1500萬美元的贊助,每家俱樂部可以得到500萬元人民幣的裝備和不超過100萬元人民幣的現(xiàn)金,贊助費(fèi)隨后按每年10%逐年遞增,10年的贊助總價(jià)值超過2億美元。

經(jīng)過10年的發(fā)展,如今的中超聯(lián)賽已不可同日而語。根據(jù)本賽季開始前中超與東鵬特飲簽約儀式上公布的數(shù)據(jù),2017年中超聯(lián)賽的總觀眾人數(shù)達(dá)到570萬,場均到場人數(shù)2.38萬,成為亞洲上座率最高的聯(lián)賽,也超越法甲、成為全球上座率排名第五的聯(lián)賽。賽事直播方面,2017年賽季中超的電視觀眾總數(shù)超過4.34億,網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播同時(shí)在線人次也達(dá)到2.01億。聯(lián)賽的媒體總價(jià)值在2017賽季達(dá)到128.4億元。

聯(lián)賽價(jià)值迅速上升,隨著上一份合約即將到期,耐克自然也要將這份“優(yōu)質(zhì)資產(chǎn)”盡力留下。

對于耐克這次續(xù)約,爭議最大的部分在于此前爆出的現(xiàn)金及裝備比例。此前2015年,耐克與NBA簽下了8年接近10億美元的球衣贊助合同,與之前阿迪達(dá)斯的合同相比,耐克的報(bào)價(jià)有大約245%的上漲。30支NBA球隊(duì)平均每個(gè)賽季能夠從耐克方面得到超過400萬美元的贊助。

而在這次關(guān)于中超的續(xù)約合同中,如果媒體報(bào)道屬實(shí),30億中只有8億元為現(xiàn)金贊助,那么其現(xiàn)金贊助比例只占27%,這在職業(yè)體育贊助中也是非常少見的現(xiàn)象。這也意味著未來10年,平均每年贊助現(xiàn)金只有8000萬人民幣,再平分到16家俱樂部,每家俱樂部每年能被分配的現(xiàn)金不超過500萬。

世界范圍內(nèi)的各種頂級聯(lián)賽,裝備贊助合同中的大頭均是現(xiàn)金贊助。從各種公開披露的數(shù)據(jù)看,實(shí)物裝備贊助比例比較高的通常是美國的大學(xué)。

以2016年Under Armour與UCLA(加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校)簽下的贊助合同為例,這份為期15年、總價(jià)2.8億美元的合同是美國大學(xué)歷史上截至目前為止最大的一份贊助合同。由于美國大學(xué)贊助涉及的不止是籃球、橄欖球等熱門項(xiàng)目,而是包括學(xué)校的全部學(xué)生運(yùn)動員,品牌公司因此會交付較高比例的實(shí)物裝備。即便如此,UCLA與UA的這份合同,現(xiàn)金比例仍然超過50%。按照《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》披露的消息,UA除了要支付1500萬美元的預(yù)付款外,每年需要向?qū)W校支付約1100萬美元的現(xiàn)金和價(jià)值740萬美元的服裝、球鞋和運(yùn)動裝備。粗算下來,UCLA贊助合同的現(xiàn)金比例接近60%。

對于中超這樣的職業(yè)聯(lián)賽來說,現(xiàn)金贊助的重要性顯然要高于實(shí)物贊助,何況22億的實(shí)物贊助對于只有16支球隊(duì),400多名運(yùn)動員的中超來說,顯得有些奢侈。

或許是基于對合同金額的不滿,5月初,騰訊體育等多家媒體報(bào)道,北京中赫國安對足協(xié)統(tǒng)一招商的做法提出了異議。國安認(rèn)為扣除足協(xié)留存及稅費(fèi)后,每個(gè)賽季俱樂部分到的現(xiàn)金贊助只有300到400萬元,俱樂部的利益受到了損失。

事實(shí)上,在2009年中超與耐克第一次簽訂球衣贊助合同時(shí),北京國安就曾經(jīng)提出過異議。北京國安那時(shí)與阿迪達(dá)斯的贊助合同尚未結(jié)束,當(dāng)時(shí)俱樂部總經(jīng)理李小明接受《第一財(cái)經(jīng)周刊》采訪時(shí)曾表示:“兩家公司提供的裝備價(jià)值差不多,但在現(xiàn)金贊助上,阿迪達(dá)斯至少是耐克的一倍多。”

聯(lián)賽裝備贊助統(tǒng)一招商,是北美地區(qū)職業(yè)聯(lián)賽的慣用做法。NFL和NBA的球衣贊助商為耐克,MLB的贊助商為Majestic(2019年后改為UA),NHL則是阿迪達(dá)斯。美國足球職業(yè)大聯(lián)盟(MLS)受北美其他聯(lián)賽影響,目前也采用統(tǒng)一招商形式,球衣贊助商為阿迪達(dá)斯。

但是在足球領(lǐng)域,特別是最有影響力的歐洲足球聯(lián)賽范圍內(nèi),球衣贊助通常由各隊(duì)自行解決,豪門球隊(duì)與中小型球隊(duì)獲得的贊助金額存在顯著差異,但整個(gè)聯(lián)賽累計(jì)下來,數(shù)目巨大。

以球隊(duì)所在城市、歷史發(fā)展及成績區(qū)間等因素為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),我們?yōu)橹泻諊苍谟⒊伊艘粋€(gè)相近的對標(biāo)——阿森納。原因很簡單,兩支球隊(duì)均為各自國家首都的球隊(duì),同屬老牌勁旅,而且近些年在各自聯(lián)賽也基本屬于同一成績區(qū)間。

阿森納目前與彪馬(Puma)的贊助合同為一年3000萬英鎊,他們與阿聯(lián)酋航空的胸前廣告贊助也約為3000萬英鎊。此金額雖然與曼聯(lián)的贊助金額有差距,但也遠(yuǎn)高于英超其他中小型俱樂部。此外,托特納姆熱刺胸前廣告3500萬英鎊,與耐克的贊助合同價(jià)值3000萬英鎊;曼城胸前廣告3500萬英鎊,與耐克的贊助合同為2000萬英鎊。至少從商業(yè)化最完善的英超來看,胸前廣告是球衣贊助的1到2倍之間,是一個(gè)比較普遍的現(xiàn)象。

可以類比的是,去年11月的中赫國安資源推介會上,國安的胸前廣告標(biāo)價(jià)1億元人民幣;背部廣告兩席,每席售價(jià)2500萬;袖標(biāo)廣告一席,售價(jià)1200萬,單賽季球衣廣告總價(jià)達(dá)到1.62億。據(jù)網(wǎng)易體育報(bào)道,國安也確實(shí)收到過超億元的報(bào)價(jià),但因品牌形象不符沒有最終成交,最后由中赫集團(tuán)內(nèi)部消化。盡管如此,像國安這樣光球衣廣告就要一年賣一個(gè)多億的中超球隊(duì)來說,一年300-500萬的球衣贊助分成,顯然無法滿足他們的要求。

當(dāng)下中超16強(qiáng)可謂土豪云集,豪門遍布。7冠王恒大自不必說,上港、蘇寧、魯能、華夏、權(quán)健等多支球隊(duì)的商業(yè)價(jià)值,基本也都與國安處于同一級別。

從這一角度來看,一份10年只有8億元現(xiàn)金的贊助合同,的確無法讓所有俱樂部滿意。

懶熊獨(dú)家長圖,多維度看懂球衣贊助:

球衣  /   中超  /   耐克

熱門評論

暫無評論

全部評論

暫無評論

主站蜘蛛池模板: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |